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Home   News and offers   Genetic Diseases Dogs Cats Horses Cattle Pigs Rabbit Sheep   Coat Colours / Length   Identity / Parentage   Reptiles & Amphibians   Avian Tests   Profiles / Screening   Infectious Diseases   Organs / Parameters   Allergy testing   Pathology   Downloads & Order   Order Kit Online   About Us   Crufts & Shows   Contact Us   Kennel Club ABS   facebook   **NEW** Maine Coon Special offer: 8 DNA tests for just £84.95 incl VAT Maine Coon 8 DNA tests bundle (HCM, SMA, PKDef, Poly, b, b1, cb, cs)  **NEW** Bengal Special offer: 4 Bengal Specific DNA tests for just £72.00 incl VAT Bengal DNA bundle (rdAc-PRA + b-PRA + PK-Def + Blood Groups)  British Special offer: 4 Breed Specific DNA tests for just £72.00 incl VAT British Short / Long Hair DNA bundle (PKD + pd-PRA + ALS + Blood Groups) Burmese Special offer: 4 Breed Specific DNA tests for just £72.00 incl VAT Burmese DNA bundle (Hypokalemia (BHK) + Head Defect + Gangliosidosis (GM2) + Blood Groups Birman Special offer: 5 Breed Specific DNA tests for just £72.00 incl VAT Birma DNA bundle (PKD + pd-PRA + Hypotrichiose + MPS6 + Blood Groups) Maine Coon Special offer: 5 Breed Specific DNA tests for just £72.00 incl VAT Maine Coon DNA bundle (HCM1 + SMA + PK-Def + F11 + Blood Groups) Ragdoll Special offer: 5 Breed Specific DNA tests for just £72.00 incl VAT Ragdoll DNA bundle (HCM1 + HCM3 + PKD + pd-PRA + Blood Groups) Norwegian Special offer: 4 Breed Specific DNA tests for just £72.00 incl VAT Norwegian Forest DNA bundle (PK-Def + Amber + GSD4 + Blood Groups) Feline Special Offer: 8 cat DNA tests for just £84.95 including VAT HCM, HCR, GSD4, PKD, PRA, PK-Def., SMA, Blood Groups

new test:      Paradoxical Pseudomyotonia (PP) in English Cocker and English Springer Spaniels   new test:      Dyserythropoietic Anemia and Myopathy Syndrome (DAMS) in English Springer Spaniel new test:      Lysosomal Storage Diseases (LSD) in Dalmatian and Doberman   new Kennel Club DNA testing schemes with LABOKLIN:    • Osteochondrodysplasia (OCD) / Skeletal Dwarfism in Miniature Poodles    • DINGS2: Deafness with Vestibular Dysfunction in Doberman    • Dyserythropoietic Anemia and Myopathy Syndrome (DAMS) in English Springer Spaniel Goldendoodle DNA bundle (DM+NEWS+vWD1+NCL+GR-PRA1+GR-PRA2+prcd-PRA+rcd4-PRA+MD+ICH) Test number: 8744 Price: £ 216.00 (including VAT) for all 10 tests   1 ) Degenerative Myelopathy / Degenerative Radiculomyelopathy) DM (Exon 2) / SOD1 Breeds Airedale Terrier , Alaskan Malamute , All Dog Breeds , American Eskimo , Bernese Mountain Dog , Bloodhound , Borzoi (Russian Wolfhound) , Boxer , Cavalier King Charles Spaniel , Canaan Dog , Welsh Corgi (Cardigan) , Chesapeake Bay Retriever , Cockapoo (English) , Cockapoo (American) , Fox Terrier , French Bull Dog , German Shepherd , Glen Of Imaal Terrier ( GIT ) , Golden Retriever , Goldendoodle , Pyrenean Mountain Dog (Great Pyrenees) , Hovawart , Pumi ( Hungarian Pumi / Pumik ) , Jack Russell Terrier , Kerry Blue Terrier , Labradoodle , Labrador Retriever , Lakeland Terrier , Northern Inuit (Tamaskan / British Timber Dog) , Nova Scotia Duck tolling Retriever ( NSDTR / Toller) , Pembroke Welsh Corgi , Poodle , Pug , Rhodesian Ridgeback , Rough Collie , Soft Coated Wheaten Terrier , Shetland Sheepdog (Sheltie) , Smooth Collie , Utonagan , Wire Fox Terrier . Kennel Club This test is part of the Official UK Kennel Club DNA Testing Scheme in Chesapeake Bay Retriever, French Bull Dog, German Shepherd, Nova Scotia Duck tolling Retriever ( NSDTR / Toller), Rough Collie, and Smooth Collie. for UK registered dogs, Laboklin can send results of the tests which are part of the Official UK Kennel Club DNA testing scheme to the Kennel Club (KC) to be recorded and published as part of the Kennel Club scheme. Results will only be recorded and published by the KC if the result report includes the dog’s microchip or tattoo number along with either the dog’s registered name or registered number. Any test results that do not carry these identifying features will not be recorded by the Kennel Club. In order to ensure that test results are sent to the Kennel Club, customers must also sign the declaration section on the order form to give Laboklin permission to do so. important: When you sign the declaration, Laboklin will send the results to the KC on your behalf, and you do not need to send them to the KC yourself again to avoid unnecessary duplications. The Disease Canine degenerative myelopathy (also known as chronic degenerative radiculomyelopathy) is a progressive disease of the spinal cord in older dogs. The disease has an insidious onset typically between 7 and 14 years of age. It begins with a loss of coordination (ataxia) in the hind limbs. As of July 15, 2008 the mutated gene responsible for DM has been found present in 43 breeds including German Shepherds, Boxers, Chesapeake Bay Retrievers, Rhodesian Ridgebacks, and both breeds of Welsh Corgis. The disease is chronic and progressive, and resulting in paralysis. Clinical Signs Degenerative myelopathy initially affects the back legs and causes muscle weakness and loss, and lack of coordination. These cause a staggering effect that may appear to be arthritis. The dog may drag one or both rear paws when it walks. This dragging can cause the nails of one foot to be worn down. The condition may lead to extensive paralysis of the back legs. As the disease progresses, the animal may display symptoms such as incontinence and has considerable difficulties with both balance and walking. If allowed to progress, the animal will show front limb involvement and extensive muscle atrophy. Eventually cranial nerve or respiratory muscle involvement necessitates euthanasia. Progression of the disease is generally slow but highly variable. The animal could be crippled within a few months, or may survive up to three years Description SOD1-Gene Please note that Exon 2 can be found in all dog breeds, there is another DM mutation in Exon 1 which can only be found in Bernese Mountain Dog, click here for more information. For bernese Mountain Dog we have a special offer for both Exon 1 and Exon 2 at reduced price, click here for more details. Trait of Inheritance Tow alleles are invloved in Degenerative Myelopathy, A and G, therefore a test result can be A/A, A/G, or G/G. Mode of inheritance is autosomal recessive with variable penetrance; Inheritance : AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE trait   Sire   Dam   Offspring           clear clear 100% clear           clear carrier 50%  clear + 50% carriers           clear affected 100% carriers           carrier clear 50%  clear + 50% carriers           carrier carrier 25% clear + 25% affected + 50% carriers           carrier affected 50% carriers + 50% affected           affected clear 100%  carriers           affected carrier 50% carriers + 50% affected           affected affected 100% affected   Clear Genotype: N / N [ Homozygous normal ] The dog is noncarrier of the mutant gene. It is very unlikely that the dog will show signs of the Degenerative Myelopathy   Carrier Genotype: N / DM (Exon 2) [ Heterozygous ] The dog carries one copy of the mutant gene and one copy of the normal gene. It is very unlikely that the dog will show signs of the Degenerative Myelopathy   Affected Genotype: DM (Exon 2) / DM (Exon 2) [ Homozygous mutant ]   The dog carries two copies of the mutant gene and therefore it will pass the mutant gene to its entire offspring. The dog may or may not show signs of the disease Sample Requirements Buccal Swabs or 0.5 - 1 ml blood in EDTA Blood Tube Turnaround 2-3 weeks   2 ) Neonatal encephalopathy (NE / NEWS) Breeds Goldendoodle , Standard Poodle . The Disease Neonatal encephalopathy with seizures is an autosomal recessive developmental brain disease. Affected puppies exhibit extreme weakness, those that survive the first week of life generally develop progressively worse ataxia and a whole-body tremor. This is often accompanied by severe generalized clonic-tonic seizures. None have survived to 7 weeks of age. ´The mutation that is suggested to be responsible for NEWS in standard poodles can be detected via DNA-testing. Trait of Inheritance Autosomal recessive trait Inheritance : AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE trait   Sire   Dam   Offspring           clear clear 100% clear           clear carrier 50%  clear + 50% carriers           clear affected 100% carriers           carrier clear 50%  clear + 50% carriers           carrier carrier 25% clear + 25% affected + 50% carriers           carrier affected 50% carriers + 50% affected           affected clear 100%  carriers           affected carrier 50% carriers + 50% affected           affected affected 100% affected   Clear Genotype: N / N [ Homozygous normal ] The dog is noncarrier of the mutant gene. It is very unlikely that the dog will develop Neonatal encephalopathy (NE / NEWS). The dog will never pass the mutation to its offspring, and therefore it can be bred to any other dog.   Carrier Genotype: N / NE [ Heterozygous ] The dog carries one copy of the mutant gene and one copy of the normal gene. It is very unlikely that the dog will develop Neonatal encephalopathy (NE / NEWS) but since it carries the mutant gene, it can pass it on to its offspring with the probability of 50%. Carriers should only be bred to clear dogs. Avoid breeding carrier to carrier because 25% of their offspring is expected to be affected (see table above)   Affected Genotype: NE / NE [ Homozygous mutant ]   The dog carries two copies of the mutant gene and therefore it will pass the mutant gene to its entire offspring. The dog is likely to develop Neonatal encephalopathy (NE / NEWS) and will pass the mutant gene to its entire offspring Sample Requirements Whole blood in EDTA tube (0.5 - 1 ml) or Buccal Swabs. Turnaround 2-3 weeks   3 ) von Willebrand disease Type I (vWD I) Breeds Barbet (French Water Dog) , Bernese Mountain Dog , Cavapoo , Cockapoo (English) , Cockapoo (American) , Coton de Tulear , Doberman Pinscher , Drentsche Patrijschond , English Toy Terrier , German Pinscher , Goldendoodle , Irish Red and White Setter , Irish Setter (Red Setter) , Kerry Blue Terrier , Kromfohrländer , Labradoodle , Manchester Terrier , Miniature Poodle , Papillon (Continental Toy Spaniel ) , Pembroke Welsh Corgi , Poodle , Stabyhound ( Stabijhoun ) , Standard Poodle , Toy Poodle . Kennel Club This test is part of the Official UK Kennel Club DNA Testing Scheme in Doberman Pinscher, Manchester Terrier, Papillon (Continental Toy Spaniel ), and Standard Poodle. for UK registered dogs, Laboklin can send results of the tests which are part of the Official UK Kennel Club DNA testing scheme to the Kennel Club (KC) to be recorded and published as part of the Kennel Club scheme. Results will only be recorded and published by the KC if the result report includes the dog’s microchip or tattoo number along with either the dog’s registered name or registered number. Any test results that do not carry these identifying features will not be recorded by the Kennel Club. In order to ensure that test results are sent to the Kennel Club, customers must also sign the declaration section on the order form to give Laboklin permission to do so. important: When you sign the declaration, Laboklin will send the results to the KC on your behalf, and you do not need to send them to the KC yourself again to avoid unnecessary duplications. The Disease We are pleased to announce that Laboklin obtained an exclusive European License to perform this important genetic tes from Vet Gen LCC the owner of the European patentt. Von Willebrand disease (vWD) is probably the most common inherited bleeding disorder in dogs. It is caused by lack of von Willebrand factor which is a protein that plays a key role in the blood clotting process resulting in prolonged bleeding. The disorder occurs in varying degrees of severity ranging from trivial bleeding to excessive life threatening haemorrhages. Clinical Signs Symptoms include spontaneous bleeding from the nose, gum and other mucous membranes. Excessive bleeding occurs after an injury, trauma or a surgery. Often dogs don’t show clinical signs until something starts the bleeding, such as nail trimming, teething, spaying, sterilizing, tail docking, cropping or other causes. Bleeding also occurs internally in the stomach, intestines, urinary tracts, the genitals and / or into the joints. Type I von Willebrand's disease is considered relatively mild when compared to Type II in Scotch Terriers and Shetland Sheep Dogs and Type III in the German Wirehaired pointer, Type II and Type III are much more severe than type I. Description The Mutation-based Test and its Advantages A new DNA test has now been developed for the type I vWD. Genetic testing makes it possible to identify whether a dog is clear, carrier or affected. This is vital to eliminate this condition from the breed within 2-3 generations. The new DNA test can identify the responsible mutation directly. This DNA test can be done at any age and unambiguously classifies dogs into affected, carriers and clear. The test enables breeders to eliminate the vWD disease gene from the Poodles. Carriers can be clinically normal because of a low penetrance or expressivity of the disease. This information is essential for controlling this disorder in the breed. Breeders and owners should view vWD as a significant health risk and strive to get rid of the mutated gene. The discovery of the mutation, and the recent development of a DNA test, now provides just that opportunity. Trait of Inheritance vWD Type I is transmitted as autosomal incomplete dominant trait . Dogs with vWD Type 1 may experience mild to moderate bleeding tendencies, however, not all dogs with the mutation will exhibit symptoms Inheritance : AUTOSOMAL Dominant with Incomplete Penetrance trait   Sire   Dam   Offspring           clear clear 100% clear           clear carrier 50%  clear + 50% carriers           clear affected 100% carriers           carrier clear 50%  clear + 50% carriers           carrier carrier 25% clear + 25% affected + 50% carriers           carrier affected 50% carriers + 50% affected           affected clear 100%  carriers           affected carrier 50% carriers + 50% affected           affected affected 100% affected   Clear Genotype: N / N [ Homozygous normal ] The dog is noncarrier of the mutant gene. It is very unlikely that the dog will develop von Willebrand disease Type I (vWD I). The dog will never pass the mutation to its offspring, and therefore it can be bred to any other dog.   Carrier Genotype: N / vWDI [ Heterozygous ] The dog carries one copy of the mutant gene and one copy of the normal gene. These dogs may exhibit mild to moderate bleeding tendencies, but not all will show clinical signs.   Affected Genotype: vWDI / vWDI [ Homozygous mutant ]   The dog carries two copies of the mutant gene and therefore it will pass the mutant gene to its entire offspring. Dogs with two copies of the mutation are more likely to show more severe symptoms. Sample Requirements Whole blood in EDTA tube (0.5 - 1 ml) or Buccal Swabs. Turnaround 1-2 weeks   4 ) Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis ( CL / NCL ) Breeds American Bulldog , Border Collie , Cane Corso (Italian) , Chihuahua , Chinese Crested , English Setter , Golden Retriever , Goldendoodle , Gordon Setter , Saluki , Schapendoes (Dutch Sheep Dog) , Small Swiss Hound , Tibetan Terrier . Kennel Club This test is part of the Official UK Kennel Club DNA Testing Scheme in Border Collie, English Setter, Saluki, and Tibetan Terrier. for UK registered dogs, Laboklin can send results of the tests which are part of the Official UK Kennel Club DNA testing scheme to the Kennel Club (KC) to be recorded and published as part of the Kennel Club scheme. Results will only be recorded and published by the KC if the result report includes the dog’s microchip or tattoo number along with either the dog’s registered name or registered number. Any test results that do not carry these identifying features will not be recorded by the Kennel Club. In order to ensure that test results are sent to the Kennel Club, customers must also sign the declaration section on the order form to give Laboklin permission to do so. important: When you sign the declaration, Laboklin will send the results to the KC on your behalf, and you do not need to send them to the KC yourself again to avoid unnecessary duplications. The Disease The clinical course includes increasing levels of agitation and possible outbursts of aggression, hallucinations, hyperactivity and epileptic fits. Most animals lose their ability to coordinate everyday muscular activities. As the extent of neurodegeneration increases, all affected dogs develop psychological abnormalities and ataxia. Description The mutation-based gene test and its advantages The genetic defect leading to the disease has been identified. By DNA testing, the responsible mutation can be shown directly. This method provides a very high accuracy test and can be done at any age. It offers the possibility to distinguish not only between affected and clear dogs, but also to identify clinically healthy carriers. This is an essential information for controlling the disease in the breed, as carriers are able to spread the disease in the population, but can not be identified by means of common laboratory diagnostic. * Please note 2 different variants can be detected in each of the following breeds: Australian Shepherd and Miniature American Shepherd, Australian Cattle Dog, and Dachshunds, and therefore we have a separate listing combining the two relevant tests for each breed at a discounted price: please check here. We also offer NCL in American Staffordshire Terrier. which is run by a partner lab Trait of Inheritance Ceroid lipofuscinosis in Border Collies and American Bulldogs is an inherited autosomal recessive trait. This means that a dog can be clear (homozygous normal), affected, or a carrier (heterozygous). The carriers can spread the diseased gene in the population. Therefore, reliable information on non-affected dogs is the key to controlling this disease. Inheritance : AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE trait   Sire   Dam   Offspring           clear clear 100% clear           clear carrier 50%  clear + 50% carriers           clear affected 100% carriers           carrier clear 50%  clear + 50% carriers           carrier carrier 25% clear + 25% affected + 50% carriers           carrier affected 50% carriers + 50% affected           affected clear 100%  carriers           affected carrier 50% carriers + 50% affected           affected affected 100% affected   Clear Genotype: N / N [ Homozygous normal ] The dog is noncarrier of the mutant gene. It is very unlikely that the dog will develop Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis ( CL / NCL ). The dog will never pass the mutation to its offspring, and therefore it can be bred to any other dog.   Carrier Genotype: N / NCL [ Heterozygous ] The dog carries one copy of the mutant gene and one copy of the normal gene. It is very unlikely that the dog will develop Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis ( CL / NCL ) but since it carries the mutant gene, it can pass it on to its offspring with the probability of 50%. Carriers should only be bred to clear dogs. Avoid breeding carrier to carrier because 25% of their offspring is expected to be affected (see table above)   Affected Genotype: NCL / NCL [ Homozygous mutant ]   The dog carries two copies of the mutant gene and therefore it will pass the mutant gene to its entire offspring. The dog is likely to develop Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis ( CL / NCL ) and will pass the mutant gene to its entire offspring Sample Requirements Whole blood in EDTA tube (0.5 - 1 ml) or Buccal Swabs. Turnaround 2-3 weeks   5 ) Progressive Retinal Atrophy (GR-PRA1) Breeds Golden Retriever , Goldendoodle . Kennel Club This test is part of the Official UK Kennel Club DNA Testing Scheme in Golden Retriever. for UK registered dogs, Laboklin can send results of the tests which are part of the Official UK Kennel Club DNA testing scheme to the Kennel Club (KC) to be recorded and published as part of the Kennel Club scheme. Results will only be recorded and published by the KC if the result report includes the dog’s microchip or tattoo number along with either the dog’s registered name or registered number. Any test results that do not carry these identifying features will not be recorded by the Kennel Club. In order to ensure that test results are sent to the Kennel Club, customers must also sign the declaration section on the order form to give Laboklin permission to do so. important: When you sign the declaration, Laboklin will send the results to the KC on your behalf, and you do not need to send them to the KC yourself again to avoid unnecessary duplications. The Disease Progressive retinal atrophy (PRA) is a leading hereditary cause of blindness in pedigree dogs as is its counterpart retinitis pigmentosa (RP) in humans. PRA shows genetic heterogeneity, as does RP, with several distinct forms already recognized and several more remaining to be investigated. The retina is a thin layer of neural cells that lines the back of the eyeball. The vertebrate retina contains photoreceptor cells (rods and cones) that respond to light. The cones mediate high-resolution vision and colour vision. The rods mediate lower-resolution, black-and-white, night vision. The degeneration of the retina results in loss of vision, often leading to blindness. One can distinguish between late onset forms of PRA and early onset (whelp-age) dysplastic changes. The clinical and ophthalmologic signs of both forms are similar. Affected dogs suffer from bilateral Mydriasis, the reflection of the Tapetum lucidum is increased and the retinal vascular network appears atrophic. Currently, there is no treatment for the disease. Golden Retriever: Three different mutations causing PRA have been identified in the Golden Retrievers breed: the well-known prcd-PRA , the GR_PRA1 mutation and GR_PRA2 which were recently identified by researchers of the Animal Health Trust and the university of Uppsala. LABOKLIN offers DNA testing for all three mutations individually in addition to a special discounted offer for the combined testing of the three mutation. Details of the special offer can be found on this link: Golden Retriever PRA Special offer. Trait of Inheritance Autosomal recessive Inheritance : AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE trait   Sire   Dam   Offspring           clear clear 100% clear           clear carrier 50%  clear + 50% carriers           clear affected 100% carriers           carrier clear 50%  clear + 50% carriers           carrier carrier 25% clear + 25% affected + 50% carriers           carrier affected 50% carriers + 50% affected           affected clear 100%  carriers           affected carrier 50% carriers + 50% affected           affected affected 100% affected   Clear Genotype: N / N [ Homozygous normal ] The dog is noncarrier of the mutant gene. It is very unlikely that the dog will develop Progressive Retinal Atrophy (GR-PRA1). The dog will never pass the mutation to its offspring, and therefore it can be bred to any other dog.   Carrier Genotype: N / GR-PRA1 [ Heterozygous ] The dog carries one copy of the mutant gene and one copy of the normal gene. It is very unlikely that the dog will develop Progressive Retinal Atrophy (GR-PRA1) but since it carries the mutant gene, it can pass it on to its offspring with the probability of 50%. Carriers should only be bred to clear dogs. Avoid breeding carrier to carrier because 25% of their offspring is expected to be affected (see table above)   Affected Genotype: GR-PRA1 / GR-PRA1 [ Homozygous mutant ]   The dog carries two copies of the mutant gene and therefore it will pass the mutant gene to its entire offspring. The dog is likely to develop Progressive Retinal Atrophy (GR-PRA1) and will pass the mutant gene to its entire offspring Sample Requirements Whole blood in EDTA tube (0.5 - 1 ml) or Buccal Swabs. Turnaround 1-2 weeks   6 ) Progressive Retinal Atrophy (GR-PRA2) Breeds Golden Retriever , Goldendoodle . Kennel Club This test is part of the Official UK Kennel Club DNA Testing Scheme in Golden Retriever. for UK registered dogs, Laboklin can send results of the tests which are part of the Official UK Kennel Club DNA testing scheme to the Kennel Club (KC) to be recorded and published as part of the Kennel Club scheme. Results will only be recorded and published by the KC if the result report includes the dog’s microchip or tattoo number along with either the dog’s registered name or registered number. Any test results that do not carry these identifying features will not be recorded by the Kennel Club. In order to ensure that test results are sent to the Kennel Club, customers must also sign the declaration section on the order form to give Laboklin permission to do so. important: When you sign the declaration, Laboklin will send the results to the KC on your behalf, and you do not need to send them to the KC yourself again to avoid unnecessary duplications. The Disease Progressive retinal atrophy (PRA) is a leading hereditary cause of blindness in pedigree dogs as is its counterpart retinitis pigmentosa (RP) in humans. PRA shows genetic heterogeneity, as does RP, with several distinct forms already recognized and several more remaining to be investigated. The retina is a thin layer of neural cells that lines the back of the eyeball. The vertebrate retina contains photoreceptor cells (rods and cones) that respond to light. The cones mediate high-resolution vision and colour vision. The rods mediate lower-resolution, black-and-white, night vision. The degeneration of the retina results in loss of vision, often leading to blindness. One can distinguish between late onset forms of PRA and early onset (whelp-age) dysplastic changes. The clinical and ophthalmologic signs of both forms are similar. Affected dogs suffer from bilateral Mydriasis, the reflection of the Tapetum lucidum is increased and the retinal vascular network appears atrophic. Currently, there is no treatment for the disease. Golden Retriever: Three different mutations causing PRA have been identified in the Golden Retrievers breed: the well-known prcd-PRA , the GR_PRA1 mutation and GR_PRA2 which were recently identified by researchers of the Animal Health Trust and the university of Uppsala. LABOKLIN offers DNA testing for all three mutations individually in addition to a special discounted offer for the combined testing of the three mutation. Details of the special offer can be found on this link: Golden Retriever PRA Special offer. Trait of Inheritance Autosomal recessive Inheritance : AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE trait   Sire   Dam   Offspring           clear clear 100% clear           clear carrier 50%  clear + 50% carriers           clear affected 100% carriers           carrier clear 50%  clear + 50% carriers           carrier carrier 25% clear + 25% affected + 50% carriers           carrier affected 50% carriers + 50% affected           affected clear 100%  carriers           affected carrier 50% carriers + 50% affected           affected affected 100% affected   Clear Genotype: N / N [ Homozygous normal ] The dog is noncarrier of the mutant gene. It is very unlikely that the dog will develop Progressive Retinal Atrophy (GR-PRA2). The dog will never pass the mutation to its offspring, and therefore it can be bred to any other dog.   Carrier Genotype: N / GR-PRA2 [ Heterozygous ] The dog carries one copy of the mutant gene and one copy of the normal gene. It is very unlikely that the dog will develop Progressive Retinal Atrophy (GR-PRA2) but since it carries the mutant gene, it can pass it on to its offspring with the probability of 50%. Carriers should only be bred to clear dogs. Avoid breeding carrier to carrier because 25% of their offspring is expected to be affected (see table above)   Affected Genotype: GR-PRA2 / GR-PRA2 [ Homozygous mutant ]   The dog carries two copies of the mutant gene and therefore it will pass the mutant gene to its entire offspring. The dog is likely to develop Progressive Retinal Atrophy (GR-PRA2) and will pass the mutant gene to its entire offspring Sample Requirements Whole blood in EDTA tube (0.5 - 1 ml) or Buccal Swabs. Turnaround 1-2 weeks   7 ) Progressive Retinal Atrophy (prcd-PRA): (8094P / 8127) Kennel Club: results of this test is accepted by the Kennel Club Breeds All Dog Breeds , American Cocker Spaniel , American Eskimo , Australian Cattle Dog , Australian Shepherd , Australian Stumpy Tail Cattle Dog , Australian Stumpy tail cattle Dog , Barbet (French Water Dog) , Bearded Collie , Bolognese , Bolonka Zwetna (Tsvetnaya Bolonki) , Cavapoo , Chesapeake Bay Retriever , Chihuahua , Chinese Crested , Cockapoo (English) , Cockapoo (American) , Cocker Spaniel , Dwarf poodle , English Cocker Spaniel , English shepherd , Entlebuch Mountain dog , Finnish Lapphund , German Spitz (Mittel) , Giant Schnauzer , Golden Retriever , Goldendoodle , Jack Russell Terrier , Japanese Chin , Karelian Bear Dog , Kuvasz , Labradoodle , Labrador Retriever , Lagotto Romagnolo , Lapponian Herder , Markiesje , Miniature Poodle , Miniature American Shepherd , Norwegian Elkhound , Nova Scotia Duck tolling Retriever ( NSDTR / Toller) , Parson Russell Terrier (PRT) , Poodle , Portuguese Waterdog , Schipperke , Australian Silky Terrier , Spanish Water Dog , Standard Poodle , Swedish Lapp Hund , Toy Poodle , Waeller (Wäller) , Yorkshire Terrier . Kennel Club This test is part of the Official UK Kennel Club DNA Testing Scheme in American Cocker Spaniel, Australian Cattle Dog, Australian Shepherd, Barbet (French Water Dog), Chesapeake Bay Retriever, Chinese Crested, Cocker Spaniel, English Cocker Spaniel, Entlebuch Mountain dog, Finnish Lapphund, Giant Schnauzer, Labrador Retriever, Miniature Poodle, Norwegian Elkhound, Nova Scotia Duck tolling Retriever ( NSDTR / Toller), Portuguese Waterdog, Spanish Water Dog, Standard Poodle, and Toy Poodle. for UK registered dogs, Laboklin can send results of the tests which are part of the Official UK Kennel Club DNA testing scheme to the Kennel Club (KC) to be recorded and published as part of the Kennel Club scheme. Results will only be recorded and published by the KC if the result report includes the dog’s microchip or tattoo number along with either the dog’s registered name or registered number. Any test results that do not carry these identifying features will not be recorded by the Kennel Club. In order to ensure that test results are sent to the Kennel Club, customers must also sign the declaration section on the order form to give Laboklin permission to do so. important: When you sign the declaration, Laboklin will send the results to the KC on your behalf, and you do not need to send them to the KC yourself again to avoid unnecessary duplications. The Disease Progressive retinal atrophy (PRA) as an inherited disease occurs in many dog breeds and also in different forms. The form of progressive rod-cone degeneration (prcd-PRA) is a photoreceptor degeneration in dogs with varying ages of onset. This genetic disorder causes the degeneration of retinal cells in the eye: firstly, rod cells are affected, thus leading to progressive night blindness. Secondly, degeneration of the cone cells results in complete blindness of the dog, even in full light situations during the day. Age of onset of clinical symptoms is typically in early adolescence or early adulthood. However, the onset of the disease may vary among different dog breeds. Since diagnosis of retinal diseases in dogs may prove difficult, the genetic test on prcd-PRA helps to diagnose a specific disease and is also a useful tool for breeders to eliminate the mutated gene from the dog population. Please note that Lapponian Herder can be affected two other forms of PRA, the IFT122-PRA and the Canine Multi-Focal Retinopathy (CMR) which is caused by a mutation in the BEST1-gene. Trait of Inheritance The mutation in the PRCD gene which has been suggested to cause prcd-PRA has recently been published by the group of Gustavo D. Aguirre at the University of Pennsylvania, USA, and could be found in several dog breeds. Prcd-PRA is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. So there are three conditions a dog can be: it can be clear (genotype N/N or homozygous normal) meaning that it does not carry the mutation and will not develop the prcd-form of PRA. Since it also cannot pass the mutation onto its offspring, it can be mated to any other dog. A dog which has one copy of the PRCD gene with the mutation and one copy without the mutation is called a carrier or heterozygous (genotype N/PRA); while it will not be affected by prcd-PRA, it can pass the mutation onto its offspring and should therefore only be mated to clear dogs. Dogs that develop this form of PRA have two PRCD gene copies with the mutation (genotype PRA/PRA or homozygous affected); they will always pass the mutated gene onto their offspring and should also be mated only to clear dogs.. Inheritance : AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE trait   Sire   Dam   Offspring           clear clear 100% clear           clear carrier 50%  clear + 50% carriers           clear affected 100% carriers           carrier clear 50%  clear + 50% carriers           carrier carrier 25% clear + 25% affected + 50% carriers           carrier affected 50% carriers + 50% affected           affected clear 100%  carriers           affected carrier 50% carriers + 50% affected           affected affected 100% affected   Clear Genotype: N / N [ Homozygous normal ] The dog is noncarrier of the mutant gene. It is very unlikely that the dog will develop Progressive Retinal Atrophy (prcd-PRA): (8094P / 8127). The dog will never pass the mutation to its offspring, and therefore it can be bred to any other dog.   Carrier Genotype: N / PRA [ Heterozygous ] The dog carries one copy of the mutant gene and one copy of the normal gene. It is very unlikely that the dog will develop Progressive Retinal Atrophy (prcd-PRA): (8094P / 8127) but since it carries the mutant gene, it can pass it on to its offspring with the probability of 50%. Carriers should only be bred to clear dogs. Avoid breeding carrier to carrier because 25% of their offspring is expected to be affected (see table above)   Affected Genotype: PRA / PRA [ Homozygous mutant ]   The dog carries two copies of the mutant gene and therefore it will pass the mutant gene to its entire offspring. The dog is likely to develop Progressive Retinal Atrophy (prcd-PRA): (8094P / 8127) and will pass the mutant gene to its entire offspring Sample Requirements Whole blood in EDTA tube (0.5 - 1 ml) or Buccal Swabs. Turnaround 2-3 weeks   8 ) Progressive retinal atrophy ( rcd4-PRA) / LOPRA Breeds Australian Cattle Dog , Bolonka Zwetna (Tsvetnaya Bolonki) , Cavapoo , Cockapoo (English) , Cockapoo (American) , Dwarf poodle , English Setter , Gordon Setter , Irish Red and White Setter , Irish Setter (Red Setter) , Labradoodle , Miniature Poodle , Old Danish Pointing Dog , Polish Lowland sheepdog , Poodle , Small Munsterlander , Standard Poodle , Tatra Shepherd Dog (POP) , Tibetan Terrier , Toy Poodle . Kennel Club This test is part of the Official UK Kennel Club DNA Testing Scheme in English Setter, Gordon Setter, Irish Setter (Red Setter), Standard Poodle, and Tibetan Terrier. for UK registered dogs, Laboklin can send results of the tests which are part of the Official UK Kennel Club DNA testing scheme to the Kennel Club (KC) to be recorded and published as part of the Kennel Club scheme. Results will only be recorded and published by the KC if the result report includes the dog’s microchip or tattoo number along with either the dog’s registered name or registered number. Any test results that do not carry these identifying features will not be recorded by the Kennel Club. In order to ensure that test results are sent to the Kennel Club, customers must also sign the declaration section on the order form to give Laboklin permission to do so. important: When you sign the declaration, Laboklin will send the results to the KC on your behalf, and you do not need to send them to the KC yourself again to avoid unnecessary duplications. The Disease Progressive retinal atrophy (PRA) is a major hereditary cause of blindness in pedigree dogs as is its counterpart retinitis pigmentosa (RP) in humans. PRA shows genetic heterogeneity, as does RP, with several distinct forms already recognized and several more remaining to be investigated. One can distinguish between late onset forms of PRA and early onset (whelp-age) dysplastic changes. The clinical and ophthalmologic signs of both forms are similar. Affected dogs suffer from bilateral Mydriasis, the reflection of the Tapetum lucidum is increased and the retinal vascular network appears atrophic. The rcd4 PRA is another form of PRA, it is also known as LOPRA (Late Onset PRA) the age of onset of dogs with LOPRA varies from few years of age (2-3 years) up to old age (10-11 years) Trait of Inheritance Autosomal recessive Inheritance : AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE trait   Sire   Dam   Offspring           clear clear 100% clear           clear carrier 50%  clear + 50% carriers           clear affected 100% carriers           carrier clear 50%  clear + 50% carriers           carrier carrier 25% clear + 25% affected + 50% carriers           carrier affected 50% carriers + 50% affected           affected clear 100%  carriers           affected carrier 50% carriers + 50% affected           affected affected 100% affected   Clear Genotype: N / N [ Homozygous normal ] The dog is noncarrier of the mutant gene. It is very unlikely that the dog will develop Progressive retinal atrophy ( rcd4-PRA) / LOPRA. The dog will never pass the mutation to its offspring, and therefore it can be bred to any other dog.   Carrier Genotype: N / rcd4 [ Heterozygous ] The dog carries one copy of the mutant gene and one copy of the normal gene. It is very unlikely that the dog will develop Progressive retinal atrophy ( rcd4-PRA) / LOPRA but since it carries the mutant gene, it can pass it on to its offspring with the probability of 50%. Carriers should only be bred to clear dogs. Avoid breeding carrier to carrier because 25% of their offspring is expected to be affected (see table above)   Affected Genotype: rcd4 / rcd4 [ Homozygous mutant ]   The dog carries two copies of the mutant gene and therefore it will pass the mutant gene to its entire offspring. The dog is likely to develop Progressive retinal atrophy ( rcd4-PRA) / LOPRA and will pass the mutant gene to its entire offspring Sample Requirements Whole blood in EDTA tube (0.5 - 1 ml) or Buccal Swabs. Turnaround 2-3 weeks   9 ) Muscular Dystrophy (MD) Breeds American Staffordshire Terrier , Cavalier King Charles Spaniel , Cavapoo , Golden Retriever , Goldendoodle , Landseer , Norfolk Terrier . Description PCR Muscular dystrophy (MD) in Cavalier King Charles Spaniel, Golden Retriever and Norfolk Terrier is a spontaneous, X-linked, progressively fatal disease of dogs and is also a homologue of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Affected dogs show raised creatine kinase levels, muscle atrophy with contractures, hyaline myofiber degeneration with mineralization, endomysial and perimysial fibrosis with fatty infiltration, and cardiomyopathy. In American Staffordshire Terrier and Landseer, Muscular Dystrophy is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. Affected dogs exhibit a general, whole body muscular weakness, they move slowly and clumsy and some cannot walk at all. First symptoms in the course of movement appear at the age of three to six month. Affected dogs usualy die between the ages of 4 and 24 months. Trait of Inheritance X-chromosomal recessive (Cavalier King Charles Spaniel, Golden Retriever, Norfolk Terrier) autosomal recessive (Landseer) Inheritance : RECESSIVE trait Sample Requirements Whole blood in EDTA tube (0.5 - 1 ml) or Buccal Swabs. Turnaround 2-3 weeks   10 ) Ichthyosis ( ICH ) * Kennel Club DNA Testing Scheme Official UK Kennel Club DNA testing scheme in Golden Retriever from January 2014 Breeds Golden Retriever , Goldendoodle . Kennel Club This test is part of the Official UK Kennel Club DNA Testing Scheme in Golden Retriever. for UK registered dogs, Laboklin can send results of the tests which are part of the Official UK Kennel Club DNA testing scheme to the Kennel Club (KC) to be recorded and published as part of the Kennel Club scheme. Results will only be recorded and published by the KC if the result report includes the dog’s microchip or tattoo number along with either the dog’s registered name or registered number. Any test results that do not carry these identifying features will not be recorded by the Kennel Club. In order to ensure that test results are sent to the Kennel Club, customers must also sign the declaration section on the order form to give Laboklin permission to do so. important: When you sign the declaration, Laboklin will send the results to the KC on your behalf, and you do not need to send them to the KC yourself again to avoid unnecessary duplications. The Disease Golden Retriever Ichthyosis (GR-ICH) Ichthyosis ( ICH ) is a genetic disease causing dysfunction of the keratin in the skin, which leads to the production of large, differently pigmented skin scales. Due to the fish-like look of this scales the name was formed from the Greek word for fish: „Ichthýs“. Additionally, the pigmentation of the skin can be altered. Dogs which are affected by this dermatosis develop first symptoms soon after birth. Unfortunately, there is no treatment for this disease. In some cases, formation of scales decreases in old dogs. Please note that there is another form of Ichthyosis affecting the Golden Retriever breed, Ichthyosis Type 2, click here for more details. you need both tests for complete analysis Trait of Inheritance Autosomal recessive Inheritance : AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE trait   Sire   Dam   Offspring           clear clear 100% clear           clear carrier 50%  clear + 50% carriers           clear affected 100% carriers           carrier clear 50%  clear + 50% carriers           carrier carrier 25% clear + 25% affected + 50% carriers           carrier affected 50% carriers + 50% affected           affected clear 100%  carriers           affected carrier 50% carriers + 50% affected           affected affected 100% affected   Clear Genotype: N / N [ Homozygous normal ] The dog is noncarrier of the mutant gene. It is very unlikely that the dog will develop Ichthyosis ( ICH ) *. The dog will never pass the mutation to its offspring, and therefore it can be bred to any other dog.   Carrier Genotype: N / Ichthyosis [ Heterozygous ] The dog carries one copy of the mutant gene and one copy of the normal gene. It is very unlikely that the dog will develop Ichthyosis ( ICH ) * but since it carries the mutant gene, it can pass it on to its offspring with the probability of 50%. Carriers should only be bred to clear dogs. Avoid breeding carrier to carrier because 25% of their offspring is expected to be affected (see table above)   Affected Genotype: Ichthyosis / Ichthyosis [ Homozygous mutant ]   The dog carries two copies of the mutant gene and therefore it will pass the mutant gene to its entire offspring. The dog is likely to develop Ichthyosis ( ICH ) * and will pass the mutant gene to its entire offspring Sample Requirements Whole blood in EDTA tube (0.5 - 1 ml) or Buccal Swabs. Turnaround 2-3 weeks Price for the above 10 tests £ 216.00 (including VAT) To order: Download Order Form from this link Complete the order form and send it together with your samples to the following address: Laboklin (UK),   Unit 20, Wheel Forge Way, Trafford Park, Manchester, M17 1EH Buccal swabs and EDTA tubes are available from us free of charge, to order, please use the online form <Request sample collection materials> or  email: info@laboklin.co.uk. If you are sending swab samples, please follow the instructions on this link . If you have any queries, please contact us on 0161 282 3066 new test: Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (AIS) new test: ACAN Dwarfism (Chondrodysplasia) new test: Predictive Height Test ( LCORL) new test: Tractability new test: Coat colour Sunshire Dilution See also: Progressive Retinal Atrophy (Dominant PRA) Globoid Cell Leukodystrophy (Krabbe Disease) CSNB (Congenital Stationary Night Blindness) CLAD (Canine Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency) von Willebrand disease Type II (vWD II) PK Deficiency (Pyruvate Kinase Deficiency) Fucosidosis PFK Deficiency (Phosphofructokinase deficiency / PFKD) Myotonia Congenita MH (Malignant Hyperthermia) X-Linked Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (X-SCID) GM1-Gangliosidosis Narcolepsy Muscular Dystrophy (MD) MPS ( Mucopolysaccharidosis type VII) Hereditary Myopathy / Centronuclear Myopathy (HMLR, CNM / IMGD) Canine Cyclic Neutropenia (Gray Collie Syndrome) Progressive Retinal Atrophy (cord1- PRA / crd4 PRA) L-2-HGA ( L- 2 - hydroxyglutaric aciduria ) L2HGA von Willebrand disease Type I (vWD I) von Willebrand disease Type III (vWD III) Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis ( CL / NCL ) Trapped Neutrophil Syndrome ( TNS ) Progressive Retinal Atrophy (crd PRA) PDP 1 Deficiency (Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Phosphatase 1 Deficiency) Factor VII Deficiency Progressive Retinal Atrophy (rcd1 PRA) Progressive Retinal Atrophy (rcd3 PRA) Progressive Retinal Atrophy (rcd1a PRA) Juvenile Brain Disease ( JBD ) / Juvenile Encephalopathy ( Epilepsy ) Microphthalmia ( RBP4 ) French Bulldog DNA bundle (DM + HSF4 + CHG + Cy + CMR + CDDY/CDPA) Leonberger KC DNA bundle (LPN1+LPN2+LEMP+LPPN3) Spanish Water Dog DNA bundle Lethal Acrodematitis ( LAD ) MDR1 Gene Varian / Ivermectin Sensitivity * (ABCB1) Exercise Induced Collapse ( EIC ) Dwarfism (Pituitary Dwarfism / Hypopituitarism) Degenerative Myelopathy / Degenerative Radiculomyelopathy) DM (Exon 2) / SOD1 Greyhound Neuropathy (Hereditary Neuropathy) Brittle Bone Disease (Osteogenesis Imperfecta) Glycogen Storage Disease (GSDllla) Hereditary Cataract (HSF4) Neonatal encephalopathy (NE / NEWS) Haemophilia B (factor IX deficiency / F9 ) JEB (Junctional Epidermolysis bullosa) Primary Lens Luxation (PLL) Brachyury (Bobtail Gene / Short Tail / T-Box) Familial Nephropathy (FN) / Hereditary Nephropathy * Startle Disease (SD) / Hyperekplexia Familial Nephropathy (FN) / Hereditary Nephropathy Myostatin Mutation ("Bully" Whippet)/ Double Muscling Hereditary Nephritis / Samoyed Hereditary Glomerulopathy Episodic Falling in Cavalier King Charles Spaniel (EF) Dry Eye and Curly Coat syndrome (CCS) Haemophilia A (factor VIII deficiency / F8) Congenital Hypothyreosis / hypothyroidism ( CHG ) Hereditary Nasal Parakeratosis (HNPK) Juvenile Epilepsy (JE) Musladin-Lueke syndrome (MLS) Ichthyosis ( ICH ) * Neonatal Cortical Cerebellar Abiotrophy (NCCD) Dwarfism (Skeletal Dysplasia 2 / SD2 ) Primary Open Angle Glaucoma (POAG) Progressive Retinal Atrophy (generalized PRA) Progressive Retinal Atrophy (GR-PRA1) Progressive retinal atrophy ( rcd4-PRA) / LOPRA Alaskan Malamute Polyneuropathy (AMPN / IPAM / HPAM) Pug Dog Encephalitis (PDE) / Necrotizing Meningoencephalitis (NME) Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD) Pompe's Disease (Glycogen Storage Disease type II / GSDII) Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) Protein Losing Nephropathy (PLN) Late Onset Ataxia (LOA) Cobalamin Malabsorption (Imerslund-Gräsbeck syndrome (IGS)) Spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) pap-PRA1 (Progressive Retinal Atrophy) Progressive Retinal Atrophy (BAS PRA) CMSD (Canine Multiple System Degeneration) Hereditary Cataract (HSF4) * Progressive Retinal Atrophy (prcd-PRA): (8094P / 8127) Thrombopathia (Thrombopathy) Digital Hyperkeratosis (DH) (Hereditary Footpad Hyperkeratosis / Corny Feet) Degenerative Myelopathy / degenerative radiculomyelopathy) DM (Exon 1) Ectodermal Dysplasia / Skin Fragility Syndrome (ED / SFS) Hypomyelination (Shaking Puppy Syndrome) SPS JRT and PRT Pack A: LOA + SCA + JBD JRT and PRT Pack B: LOA + SCA + PLL + JBD + DM2 Leonberger Polyneuropathy 1 ( LPN1) Hereditary Ataxia (HA) Finnish Hound Ataxia / Cerebellar Ataxia (FHA / CAFH) Dandy-Walker-Like Malformation (DWLM) / Cerebellar Hypoplasia (CH) Persistent Müllerian duct syndrome (PMDS) Fanconi Syndrome (FS) Lagotto Storage Disease (LSD) Juvenile Laryngeal Paralysis & Polyneuropathy (JLPP) Progressive Retinal Atrophy (CNGA1 PRA) Achromatopsia (day blindness) / ACHM Progressive Retinal Atrophy (GR-PRA2) Postoperative Hemorrhage (P2Y12 / P2RY12)

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