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Bundle: White Patterns Coat Colour (LWO, Leopard complex, Appaloosa Pattern, Tobiano, Splashed White, Sabino)
Test number: 8853
Price: £ 126.00 (including VAT) for all 6 tests
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1 ) OLWS / LWO ( Lethal White Foal Syndrome-Frame Overo)
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Breeds
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Appaloosas
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Paint Horse
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Quarter Horse (Horse with quarter horse blood)
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The Disease |
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Lethal White Foal Syndrome is a disease associated with breeds that register white coat spotting patterns. Breedings between particular spotted horses (frame overos) produce some foals that, in contrast to their parents, are all white and die shortly after birth of severe intestinal blockage.
In addition to that, horses were identified that were carriers of the defect gene but had no recognized overo coat pattern phenotype. Apart from frame overos the test for the mutant allele is recommendable for the breeds Paint Horse, Pinto Horse and Quarter Horse.
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Description |
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This is a mutation-based gene test, which offers many advantages over other methods
The genetic defect leading to the disease has been identified. By DNA testing the responsible mutation can be shown directly. This method provides a very high accuracy test and can be done at any age. It offers the possibility to distinguish not only between affected and clear horses, but also to identify clinically healthy carriers. This is an essential information for controlling the disease in the breed as carriers are able to spread the disease in the population, but can not be identified by means of common laboratory diagnostic.
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Trait of Inheritance |
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The Disease
Lethal White Foal Syndrome is a disease associated with breeds that register white coat spotting patterns. Breedings between particular spotted horses (frame overos) produce some foals that, in contrast to their parents, are all white and die shortly after birth of severe intestinal blockage.
In addition to that, horses were identified that were carriers of the defect gene but had no recognized overo coat pattern phenotype. Apart from frame overos the test for the mutant allele is recommendable for the breeds Paint Horse, Pinto Horse and Quarter Horse.
The Trait of Inheritance
Lethal White Foal Syndrome is an inherited autosomal recessive trait. This means that a horse can be genetically clear (homozygous normal), affected, or a carrier (heterozygous). The carriers can spread the diseased gene in the population. Therefore, reliable information on non-affected horses is the key to controlling this disease.
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Inheritance : AUTOSOMAL
RECESSIVE
trait
Sire
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Dam
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Offspring
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clear
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clear
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100% clear
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clear
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carrier
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50% clear + 50%
carriers
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clear
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affected
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100% carriers
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carrier
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clear
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50% clear + 50%
carriers
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carrier
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carrier
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25% clear + 25% affected
+ 50% carriers
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carrier
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affected
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50% carriers + 50%
affected
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affected
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clear
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100% carriers
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affected
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carrier
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50% carriers + 50%
affected
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affected
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affected
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100% affected
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Clear
Genotype: N / N [ Homozygous normal ]
The horse is noncarrier of the mutant gene.
It is very unlikely that the horse will develop OLWS / LWO ( Lethal White Foal Syndrome-Frame Overo). The horse will never pass the mutation to its offspring, and therefore it can be bred to any other horse.
Carrier
Genotype: N / LWO [ Heterozygous ]
The horse carries one copy of the mutant gene and one
copy of the normal gene.
It is very unlikely that the horse will develop OLWS / LWO ( Lethal White Foal Syndrome-Frame Overo) but since it carries the mutant gene, it can pass it on to its offspring with the probability of 50%. Carriers should only be bred to clear horses. Avoid breeding carrier to carrier because 25% of their offspring is expected to be affected (see table above)
Affected
Genotype: LWO / LWO [ Homozygous mutant ]
The horse carries two copies of the mutant gene and
therefore it will pass the mutant gene to its entire offspring.
The horse is likely to develop OLWS / LWO ( Lethal White Foal Syndrome-Frame Overo) and will pass the mutant gene to its entire offspring
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Sample Requirements |
Hair Sample from mane with roots (approx 30 hairs) or 1 ml whole blood in EDTA tube.
How to obtain a viable hair sample
Pull around 30 hairs from the mane of the horse with the roots (in faols hair from the tail maybe taken). Wrap the hairs around your finger or a comb, as close as possible to the skin to ensure you obtain the hair roots. Keep dry, put in a bag, label the bag with the horse name, test (s) required. Place in an envelope and send back to us together with the order form. Broken or cut off hair will not be accepted.
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2 ) Leopard Complex (LP) & Congenital Stationary Night Blindness (CSNB)
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Description |
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A single autosomal dominant gene, leopard complex (LP), is responsible for different spotting patterns while modifier genes are thought to play a role in determining the amount of white patterning that is inherited. These patterns are called from lightest to darkest: „few spot leopard“, „leopard“, „snowcap blanket“, „blanket with spots“, „varnish roan (marble)“, „snowflake“, „frosted“, „speckled“ and „mottled“.
Homozygosity for LP (LP/LP) is directly associated with congenital stationary night blindness (CSNB) in Appaloosa horses. Heterozygous carriers (LP/lp) are not affected. CSNB is characterized by impaired vision in dark conditions, and is present at birth.
We also offer
Appaloosa Pattern 1 (PATN-1)
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Sample Requirements |
Hair Sample from mane with roots (approx 30 hairs) or 1 ml whole blood in EDTA tube.
How to obtain a viable hair sample
Pull around 30 hairs from the mane of the horse with the roots (in faols hair from the tail maybe taken). Wrap the hairs around your finger or a comb, as close as possible to the skin to ensure you obtain the hair roots. Keep dry, put in a bag, label the bag with the horse name, test (s) required. Place in an envelope and send back to us together with the order form. Broken or cut off hair will not be accepted.
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3 ) Appaloosa Pattern 1 (PATN-1) *
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Breeds
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American Minitaure Horse
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Appaloosas
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Appendix
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Australian Spotted Pony
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British Spotted Pony
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Knabstrupper
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Miniature Horse
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Noriker
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Pony of the Americas
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Description |
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Appaloosa Pattern-1 modifies the leopard complex spotting (LP) and increases the amount of white in the coat of horses with the LP mutation.
While, LP determines if a horse will have a leopard complex spotting pattern, other genes determine the extent (or amount) of white. One of these genes has been identified and has been termed Pattern-1 for first pattern gene or PATN1 for short.
A mutation in PATN1 was identified that is associated with increased amount of white in in LP horses.
- In horses that are heterozygous for LP (LP/N), presence of the PATN1 mutation most often produces a leopard or a near-leopard pattern.
- In horses that are homozygous for LP (LP/LP), the PATN1 mutation most often results in a few-spot or near few spot pattern
The PATN1 mutation is present in breeds with LP, including the Appaloosa, British Spotted Pony, American Miniature Horse and Knabstrupper, among others. The PATN1 mutation has been found in other breeds but may not have an effect on phenotype in the absence of LP. Testing for both LP and PATN1 is recommended for breeders interested in producing Leopard Complex-spotted horses and ponies.
Trait of Inheritance: Autosomal Dominant
We also offer
Leopard Complex (LP)
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Sample Requirements |
Hair Sample from mane with roots (approx 30 hairs) or 1 ml whole blood in EDTA tube.
How to obtain a viable hair sample
Pull around 30 hairs from the mane of the horse with the roots (in faols hair from the tail maybe taken). Wrap the hairs around your finger or a comb, as close as possible to the skin to ensure you obtain the hair roots. Keep dry, put in a bag, label the bag with the horse name, test (s) required. Place in an envelope and send back to us together with the order form. Broken or cut off hair will not be accepted.
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4 ) Tobiano (Tobiano Spttings) / (Paint, Pinto, Tinker)
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Description |
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Horses exhibiting the Tobiano spotting are characterised by white, depigmented areas with distinct borders that cross the dorsal midline and include at least one if not all four legs. The amount of white can vary from minimal areas on the lower legs to predominantly white over the entire body. The Tobiano white spotting pattern is a trait controlled by a dominant gene.
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Sample Requirements |
Hair Sample from mane with roots (approx 30 hairs) or 1 ml whole blood in EDTA tube.
How to obtain a viable hair sample
Pull around 30 hairs from the mane of the horse with the roots (in faols hair from the tail maybe taken). Wrap the hairs around your finger or a comb, as close as possible to the skin to ensure you obtain the hair roots. Keep dry, put in a bag, label the bag with the horse name, test (s) required. Place in an envelope and send back to us together with the order form. Broken or cut off hair will not be accepted.
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5 ) Splashed white (SW1 , SW2 , SW3 and SW4)
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update |
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The rare SW4 mmutation has just been added to this panel
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Description |
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Splashed white is a variable white spotting pattern characterized primarily by extremely large blaze, extended white markings in legs, variable white spotting in belly, and often blue eyes. Some, but not all, splashed white horses are also deaf. Recent research has identified 3 mutations – SW-1, SW-2 and SW-3 - that cause splashed white phenotypes in horses. SW-1 has been found in several breeds - Quarter Horse, Paint, Trakehner, Miniature Horse, Shetland Pony and Icelandic Horse – and may be present in other breeds as well. Horses homozygous for SW-1 (SW1/SW1) have been identified, which suggests that this mutation is not homozygous lethal. SW-2 and the rare SW-3 occur exclusively in certain lines of Quarter Horses and Paints. Based on predictions from other species, SW-2 and SW-3 may be homozygous lethals and thus matings of two horses that carry SW-2 or SW-3 should be avoided.
Horses that carry combinations of the splashed white mutations, tobiano or lethal white overo can display extensive white patterning or be white.
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Sample Requirements |
Hair Sample from mane with roots (approx 30 hairs) or 1 ml whole blood in EDTA tube.
How to obtain a viable hair sample
Pull around 30 hairs from the mane of the horse with the roots (in faols hair from the tail maybe taken). Wrap the hairs around your finger or a comb, as close as possible to the skin to ensure you obtain the hair roots. Keep dry, put in a bag, label the bag with the horse name, test (s) required. Place in an envelope and send back to us together with the order form. Broken or cut off hair will not be accepted.
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6 ) Sabino -1
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Description |
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Sabino
Sabino is a term used to describe a group of similar white spotting irregular patterns on the skin and hair of the legs, belly and face, often with roaning around the edges.
Sabino horses are described to have belly spots, irregular face markings that often extends past the eyes or onto the chin, white markings above the knees or hocks, and "splash" or "lacy" marks anywhere on the body, but in particular on the belly. Some Sabinos have patches of roan patterning on part of the body, particularly on the barrel and flanks. Some Sabinos may have a dark foot or two, but most have four white feet. Both blue and brown eyes are seen.
There is a number of mutations that produce the Sabino pattern, Sabino 1 (SB1) is one of these mutations that has been identified. Horses carrying this mutation are Sabinos, however not all Sabino horses carry this mutation, there are still unidentified mutations that produce the Sabino pattern.
The mode of inheritance is autosomal dominant, which means that only one copy of the Sabino 1 mutation is enough to produce a Sabino pattern. When one copy of the Sabino 1 mutation is present (N / SB1) the horse is expected to have two or more white legs or feet, often with white marking on the front of the leg, an extensive blaze, white spotting on the midsection with roaned or jagged edges. Horses with two copies of the mutation (SB1/SB1) are almost completely white with pink or partially-pigmented skin, they are described as Sabino-White.
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Sample Requirements |
Hair Sample from mane with roots (approx 30 hairs) or 1 ml whole blood in EDTA tube.
How to obtain a viable hair sample
Pull around 30 hairs from the mane of the horse with the roots (in faols hair from the tail maybe taken). Wrap the hairs around your finger or a comb, as close as possible to the skin to ensure you obtain the hair roots. Keep dry, put in a bag, label the bag with the horse name, test (s) required. Place in an envelope and send back to us together with the order form. Broken or cut off hair will not be accepted.
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Price
for the above 6 tests
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£ 126.00 (including VAT)
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| See also: |
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Coat Colour chestnut (Red Factor)
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Appaloosa Pattern 1 (PATN-1) *
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Tobiano (Tobiano Spttings) / (Paint, Pinto, Tinker)
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Greying
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Coat Colour Champagne
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Sabino -1
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Dominant white (GQ Santana dominant white W5, W10, W13, W20 and W22)*
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Dun Zygosity
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Leopard complex
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Pearl
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Roan Zygosity*
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Splashed white (SW1 , SW2 , SW3 and SW4)
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Coat Colour black / Bay (Agouti)
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Camarillo White - W4
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Curly Coat
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Coat colour Sunshire Dilution / Dilute
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Mushroom
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Silver Coat Colour Dilution / MCOA
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Brindle 1 (BR1) (irregular vertical striped pattern )
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Splashed white (SW5 , SW6) *
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Bundle: Basic Coat Colour (Agouti + Red Factor / Chestnut )
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Bundle: Dilutions Coat Colour (Cream, Champagne, Dun Zygosity, Silver, Pearl)
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Snowdrop dilution
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Incontinentia Pigmenti (IP)
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Coat Colour Cream / Dilution / Dilute
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